顾及地形起伏的无人机影像覆盖分析方法     

张衡  李骁  叶朋飞 《测绘通报》2020,(1):102-106

使用无人机实施测绘航空摄影时，由于无人机相对航高较低，地面起伏会对无人机影像的分辨率、覆盖范围、重叠度造成较大的影响，影像成果会出现分辨率不足、重叠度不够、覆盖漏洞等缺陷。针对这一情况，本文提出了一种利用数字微分正解法的计算方法，借助DEM准确计算每张影像的覆盖范围，并使用FME软件高效生成全部影像的覆盖范围。经过实际使用，验证了该方法可以在航线设计阶段准确预测并分析全部影像的覆盖范围、重叠度，因此可及时发现设计问题并调整航线。该方法可以有效减少因地形起伏造成的影像覆盖缺陷，减少返工现象，从整体上提高了作业效率。  相似文献   

针对地质灾害隐患点的无人机航摄像控点布点方案     

吴波  李俊  蒋大鹏  冯志 《测绘通报》2020,(6):125

以陕西省某地质灾害隐患点1∶2000航飞生产任务为背景，本文结合垂直起降式无人机航摄技术特点和地质灾害隐患点区域实际情况，通过详细对比几种无人机航摄像控点布控方案的优劣，研究无人机像控点布设方案对空三加密精度的影响，总结了适用于不同地质灾害隐患点的像控点布设方案。通过本文研究，为今后制定地质灾害隐患点的无人机航摄像控点布设方案提供了参考依据。  相似文献   

关于高速滑坡的几个问题     

冯希杰  张骏 《地球科学与环境学报》1987,(4)

高速滑坡问题是当前工程地质和环境地质学界极为关注的问题。本文对诸如滑体高速滑动所对应的时空界限、滑体滑动过程所产生的热效应以及空气浮托力等高速滑坡产生机制问题进行了初步探讨。  相似文献   

Statistical analysis of sand grain/bed collision process recorded by high-speed digital camera   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

DAWEI WANG  YUAN WANG  BIN YANG  WEI ZHANG† 《Sedimentology》2008,55(2):461-470

A high‐speed digital camera was employed to record the sand grain/bed collision process. With image processing and a statistical method, a series of parameters of the collision process were obtained. The results show that the collision process of a grain with rebounding can be represented by two parameters: the kinetic energy restitution coefficient and the collision angle. Both parameters satisfy a normal distribution, and they are dependent on one another. With an increase of the collision angle, the distribution of the kinetic energy restitution gradually reduces from a broad to a narrow range with low values. The percentage of vertical velocity restitution coefficients greater than 1 can reach 70% or more, which ensures that the settling time of the sand grains in the air increases and that they receive more energy from the air to progress the saltation movement.  相似文献   

Growth of Five Species of Gorgonians (Sub-Class Octocorallia) in the Sedimented Waters of Singapore     

N. K. C. Goh  L. M. Chou 《Marine Ecology》1995,16(4):337-346

Abstract. Annual growth rates of gorgonians in the Indo-Pacific region are reported ror the first tinie. A method of measuring gorgonian growth using periodic photographic monitoring that is sensitive to horizontal growth and changes in growth foci but that does not require tedious underwater measurements is applied. Growth parameters of five species of gorgonians from three Families ( Plexauridae. Melithaeidae . and Subergorgiidae ) were monitored over a period of 18 months using this method. Growth rates ranged from 2.30 cm a^-1 to 7.88 cm. a ^-1 in the highly sedimented waters of Singapore. The maximum number of branches added per year ranged from 1.7 to 14.5.  相似文献   

Land-Parcel Land-Use History as a Key to Site Selection for Documenting Soil Contamination Risk： a Case Study from Australian Suburbia     

YU Jie Ursula Pietrzak Jim Peterson 《地球空间信息科学学报》2005,8(4):257-261

In that orcharding in early-to-mid twentieth century southeastern Australia involved use of certain heavy metal and As compounds in regular pest-control spray procedures, some interest attaches to the possibility that these landparcels are underlain by soils with above-background Cu, Pb and As levels. Interpreta- tion of Land-cover changes allowed land parcels previously occupied by orchards to be identified in the 1950s through time-series air-photos. A comparison of soil analysis results referring to soil samples from control sites, and from land parcels formerly occupied by orchardists, shows that contamination （above-background） levels of cations in the pesticides can be found in the top 6 cm of former orchard soils. It is clear that digital spatial data handling and culturally-informed air photo interpretation has a place in soil contamination studies, land-use planning （with particular reference to re-development） and in administration of public health.  相似文献   

大型高速滑坡滑动过程中碰撞特性的试验   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

赵晓彦  胡厚田  刘涌江 《水文地质工程地质》2003,30(6):85-88

首次提出了滑坡岩体高速碰撞模型实验方法。通过实验,研究了滑体碰撞解体后不同速度段岩体体积的分布规律,得出了加速块体所占比例基本与滑体体积及碰撞速度无关,而个别块体获得的加速效应与滑坡体积及碰撞速度有明显的正相关关系。  相似文献   

数字摄像能见度观测系统中实用黑体技术的应用   总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

吕伟涛陶善昌  谭涌波刘亦风 《应用气象学报》2003,14(6):691-699

在数字摄像能见度观测系统 (DPVS) 中, 目标物的自身亮度难以实时测量, 给观测结果带来的不确定性不可忽略, 采用实用黑体技术可以大大减小乃至消除其造成的误差。作者对非黑体目标引起的测量误差进行了分析, 结果表明相对误差随着目标物反射率的增加和能见度的升高而增大, 为了保证测量精度, 需要采用反射率足够低的目标物。对于长方体结构的实用黑体腔, 采用多次反射法计算了其近轴向的半球-方向反射率与其特性参数之间的关系。在没有观测到侧壁的前提下, 其轴向反射率最大, 随着偏离轴线角度的增加, 反射率逐渐减小。轴向反射率随腔体长度与开口边长比值的增加而迅速减小, 而腔体宽度增加引起的变化不明显。另外, 作者还推导了在考虑弥散成像时对实用黑体开口尺寸最小需求的计算公式, 也给出了符合一定条件的实用黑体轴向反射率的近似计算公式, 从而提供了DPVS中实用黑体参数选择的基本原则。最后, 给出了DPVS采用非黑体和实用黑体目标计算能见度的对比试验结果, 充分说明了在DPVS中采用实用黑体技术的必要性和可行性。  相似文献   

Analytical methods Of assessing the image quality associated with digital and photographic imaging systems     

Grant H. Thomson 《The Photogrammetric Record》2004,19(107):237-249

The introduction of digital cameras for aerial survey photography and use of scanners with processed aerial film present a number of technical questions concerning the way photography is to be acquired in the future. Among the questions to be addressed are the comparative metric properties of images acquired by each system and the associated image quality characteristics. The new digital camera systems will require very careful appraisal, using well-established methods of assessing metric quality already available to survey organisations. The questions concerning image quality are more difficult to answer, as they require very specialised instrumentation if measurements are to be made directly in practice. Over the course of the past several decades a more analytical approach to assessing image quality has emerged, and one that may be used by individuals. The method is particularly effective where information on the micro-image characteristics of products is made available by the manufacturers concerned. An outline is given of some considerations that need to be taken into account when using an analytical approach, with references given for further reading.  相似文献   

Exploration of remotely sensed forest structure and ultrasonic range sensor metrics to improve empirical snow models          下载免费PDF全文

Andrés Varhola  Nicholas C. Coops  Younes Alila  Markus Weiler 《水文研究》2014,28(15):4433-4448

Current methods to estimate snow accumulation and ablation at the plot and watershed levels can be improved as new technologies offer alternative approaches to more accurately monitor snow dynamics and their drivers. Here we conduct a meta‐analysis of snow and vegetation data collected in British Columbia to explore the relationships between a wide range of forest structure variables – obtained from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), hemispherical photography (HP) and Landsat Thematic Mapper – and several indicators of snow accumulation and ablation estimated from manual snow surveys and ultrasonic range sensors. By merging and standardizing all the ground plot information available in the study area, we demonstrate how LiDAR‐derived forest cover above 0.5 m was the variable explaining the highest percentage of absolute peak snow water equivalent (SWE) (33%), while HP‐derived leaf area index and gap fraction (45° angle of view) were the best potential predictors of snow ablation rate (explaining 57% of variance). This study reveals how continuous SWE data from ultrasonic sensors are fundamental to obtain statistically significant relationships between snow indicators and structural metrics by increasing mean r² by 20% when compared to manual surveys. The relationships between vegetation and spectral indices from Landsat and snow indicators, not explored before, were almost as high as those shown by LiDAR or HP and thus point towards a new line of research with important practical implications. While the use of different data sources from two snow seasons prevented us from developing models with predictive capacity, a large sample size helped to identify outliers that weakened the relationships and suggest improvements for future research. A concise overview of the limitations of this and previous studies is provided along with propositions to consistently improve experimental designs to take advantage of remote sensing technologies, and better represent spatial and temporal variations of snow. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献